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Biography
1906 - 1946
Early Life
Born: 1906 in Mulhouse, Germany
Died: 1946 in Paris, France
Meeting Paul Éluard
Met Paul Éluard in 1930 while working as a model for sentimental postcards and as a walk-on at the Grand Guignol. She married Éluard in 1934.
Life and Legacy
Nusch Éluard became an integral part of the Surrealist movement, not only as Paul Éluard's wife and muse but as an artist in her own right. She created photo-collages and was photographed by many of the era's most important photographers.
During World War II, the Éluards remained in Paris while many Surrealists fled to America. Both were active in the Resistance, and Nusch often walked the streets of Paris with large bonbon boxes full of Communist tracts and subversive poems.
Tragic Death
She died of a massive stroke on November 28, 1946. Her young life ended as she collapsed on a Parisian street.
Published Works
Her collages were published in 1978 by Editions Nadada, New York.
Nusch Éluard
Further Reading: Women Artists and the Surrealist Movement
Gallery
NUSCH ÉLUARD
Dora Maar, Nusch Éluard, Pablo Picasso, Paul Éluard, Juan Les Pins
1937
Photo: Eileen Agar
More info: Women Artists and the Surrealist Movement
Nusch and Paul Éluard
1944
Photo: Lee Miller
During the war the Éluards remained in Paris while many Surrealists were in America. Both were active in the Resistance, and Nusch often walked the streets of Paris with large bonbon boxes full of Communist tracts and subversive poems. Lee Miller, a war correspondent for Condé Nast publications, arrived in Paris in 1944 and photographed the Éluards in their apartment.
Source: Women Artists and the Surrealist Movement
Nusch Éluard as the Queen of Clubs
Photo: Man Ray
Man Ray photographed Nusch as the Queen of Clubs in a deck of Surrealist playing cards that also included Jacqueline Lamba as the Knave of Hearts.
More info: Women Artists and the Surrealist Movement
Paul Éluard & Portrait of Nusch
1946
Photo: Brassaï
Paul Éluard in front of Picasso's portrait of Nusch Éluard, Rue de la Chapelle.
Photo-collage
c. 1935
Nusch Éluard
Photo-collage postcard. 5 3/8 x 3 1/2. Private collection. Photo courtesy Timothy Baum
Source: Women Artists and the Surrealist Movement
Photo-collage
c. 1935
Nusch Éluard
Photo-collage postcard. 5 3/8 x 3 1/2. Collection of Timothy Baum, New York.
Source: Women Artists and the Surrealist Movement
Nusch Éluard, Valentine Hugo
c. 1934
Photo: Timothy Baum
More info: Women Artists and the Surrealist Movement
Recommended Reading
Whitney Chadwick
Women Artists and the Surrealist Movement
Book 1989
(See and read why this is the most important book on surrealism, both male and female, ever written - more scans on the book than anywhere in the universe!)
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